Centrifugal pumps are a sub-class of dynamic axisymmetric work-absorbing turbomachinery. Centrifugal pumps are used to transport liquids/fluids by the conversion of the rotational kinetic energy to the hydro dynamics energy of the liquid flow. The rotational energy typically comes from an electric motor or turbine. In the typical simple case, the fluid enters the pump impeller along or near to the rotating axis and is accelerated by the impeller, flowing radically outward into a diffuser or volute chamber (casing), from where it exits.
Common uses include water, sewage, petroleum and petrochemicals. The centrifugal pumps relative with opposite function is the water turbine that uses the potential energy of water and converts it to mechanical energy. A centrifugal pump converts the input power to kinetic energy in the liquid by accelerating the liquid by a revolving device – an impeller. The most common type is the volute pump. Fluid enters the pump through the eye of the impeller which rotates at high speed. The fluid is accelerated radically outward from the pump chasing. A vacuum is created at the impellers eye that continuously draws more fluid into the pump.
The energy created by the pump is kinetic energy according the Bernoulli Equation. The energy transferred to the liquid corresponds to the velocity at the edge or vane tip of the impeller. The faster the impeller revolves or the bigger the impeller is the higher will the velocity of the liquid energy transferred to the liquid be.
In the solids control system,centrifugal pump is used for transporting drilling mud. It can be used as feeding pump for desander, desilter, or used as mixing pump for jet mud mixer. Also it can be used as trip pump and supercharging pump for rig mud pump.
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