Effective solids control can be attributed to the overall performance of all the components of the mud systems. Conditioning the drilling fluid with the goal of dramatically lowering maintenance cost, avoiding excessive chemical treatment and maintaining mud systems volume will decrease the chance of equipment failure, unnecessary high mud costs, hole and drilling problems.
In the early oil industry open earthen pits were used as settling area to separate solids and mud thereby acting as a solids control equipment. Now, with the stringent environmental regulations and high mud costs, the economics of an effective mud system come into consideration. Different solids control companies introduce zero-discharge systems, closed-loop systems,"quick move" technology, screening technology, disposal options etc.
So it comes down to common system and equipments in the drilling solids control.
Fluids processing system：It is also called mud system, solids control system, drilling fluids recycling system, in which there are several solids control equipments to treat the drilling fluid so as to recycle it.
Shale shaker: The shale shaker is the first stage of solids control equipment in the fluids processing system,which removes cuttings with diameter above 75μm from the drilling fluids brought up from the wells.Afterwards,the treated fluids flow into the tank waiting to be processed again in the next stage of the system.
Desander: Desander is the second stage of solids control equipment.It is mainly used to take away the solids with diameter ranging from 45 to 74 μm from the formerly treated fluids and then send them to the next stage for more purification.
Desilter: Desilter is the third stage of solids control equipment.In this case,the solids with diameter ranging from 15 to 44 μm are to be separated from the rest,which will go through further processing.
Mud cleaner: Mud cleaner is the second or third stage separation equipment of drilling liquid, which will deal with the mud after being treated by the first grade separation equipment.
Decanter centrifuge: Decanter centrifuge is used in separating suspension of solid phase with particle diameter d≥2μm for drilling mud and fluids handling.
Vacuum degasser: vacuum degasser is a special-purpose device for the treatment of gas-cut drilling fluids.
Gas-liquid Separator: Gas-liquid Separator is the special equipment of degassing the gas-invaded mud at the first grade. It is mainly used to remove big bubbles with diameter above φ3mm and these bubbles refer to the expanded gas in the fluid that fill in some parts of well annulus.
Centrifugal pump: Centrifugal pump is used for transferring drilling mud. It can be used as feeding pump for desander, desilter or used as mixing pump for Jet Mud Mixer. Also it can be used as trip pump,and supercharging pump for rig mud pump.
Jet mud mixer: Jet mud mixer is used to make and mix drilling fluid to change the density and viscosity.
Mud agitator: Mud agitator is part of the drilling fluid solid control equipment, which is mainly used to agitate and mix the drilling mud to prevent solid particles settlement in circulating tank.
Electronic ignition device：Namely “electronic portfire”. Electronic portfire for relief combustible gas is a device used in refinery and natural gas gathering station to deal the tail gas and relief natural gas.
Mud gun: Mud gun is the ideal equipment to guard against the precipitate in mud tank for fluids processing system
Mud tank：A mud tank is an open-top container, typically made of square steel tube and steel plate, to store drilling fluid on a drilling rig. They are also called mud pits, because they used to be nothing more than pits dug out of the earth.
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